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FERDINAND de SAUSSURE, creator of the modern theory of structuralism.
Literary theory is the field of study concerned with inquiry into the evaluation, analysis, and understanding of literary works and other texts often incorporating concepts from other disciplines, such as philosophy, politics, or sociology, theories relating to English.
Literary theory or critical theory involves the analysis or decoding of the meaning of a work of literature or any text. Theory draws on insights from psychology, sociology, anthropology, linguistics, and philosophy in order to understand the deeper implications of any text.
Definition provided by Chris Cairney, Associate Professor, MGA Department of English.